> ## Content Index > Fetch the complete content index at: https://www.upscprep.com/llms.txt > Use this file to discover other available public pages before exploring further. # Previse 2025: Technology Concepts in News - URL: https://www.upscprep.com/previse-2024-technology-concepts-in-news-current-affairs-upsc/ - Published: 2024-06-07T18:35:05.000Z - Updated: 2025-05-01T05:41:19.000Z - Description: GS3 | Science & Technology - Author: UPSCprep.com - Tags: Previse 2025, UPSC Prelims, Current Affairs, S&T, #show-toc Here are some important technological concepts in the news that you should know for UPSC Prelims 2025: ### **The Digital Markets Act** ![The Digital Markets Act  | UPSC](https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXdnanl4qhcnpmliCIVzY3ccXKrHOXwpsJ0sIpZJCW_YxECCH1qU1Q9rRRZMeVcuAR1tGufuymtM6nJnnfsjsgwknPaL1u6o1FzUcZ_ScKH1rRv_pSrkfguAnrpMQT2aQls6D3UpKdr1NvZB_I379Z9X7grD?key=HOtjqagl-jV9SmjB2rVO6Q) ![The Digital Markets Act  | UPSC](https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXcLfWxWM7MSLdBLVTZXj28V9wsMl6kCCCFaSiKMu3hw2xWxTr2gdf998vMhGn092Pf9TNH36-0gPm2nTmLymr8K2WRzhGwl1oTTsBCsh286ALl87IOLGm1p6rhacQ-tnTQyRnYM_O4q3OU-4ICUAN-6BX9X?key=HOtjqagl-jV9SmjB2rVO6Q) - The Digital Markets Act is the European Union law to make the markets in the digital sector more fair. - The law will create a safer internet, enhance consumer protections, empower citizens, and ensure high quality digital services. - There are clearly defined criterias to identify “gatekeepers”, which are large digital platforms providing core platform services like online search engines, app stores and messenger services. - This act is one of the first regulatory tools to regulate the gatekeeper power of the largest digital companies. --- ### **Starlink** ![Starlink - Tesla | UPSC | Elon Musk](https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXfa3YSLc4MS8ieUW0D8_wCxQQJPiHFvMtVdJQ3yK1CFXI8JvLIWVJ5TH6Eeexcx9FybEStVXZwX3csrf5x4_5YdZkETtnP9nadJ0wlsqSFjAmwmYthCWTKN1m9QPefzrsmpa8PSPmmCozHjrJTemCsQ6RKu?key=HOtjqagl-jV9SmjB2rVO6Q) ![Starlink - Tesla | UPSC](https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXdSMX8CoWFUICB_N-M4Vauirhv6rvJOLzyO8DF3pxXLZeM1Xj_JZwoMrhXV7qmA1SmozZEAZWGAumDEXgXRmeaQnYEWltINf_5jN4uhwFVvPmagLoOXKZopGoQqMKssOZwPChIa9-rQb9myPs5JfpiOkzNV?key=HOtjqagl-jV9SmjB2rVO6Q) - Starlink is a SpaceX project aiming to build a broadband network with a cluster of orbiting satellites. - It will create a low-cost, satellite-based broadband network that can provide global internet access. - These satellites will be placed in an altitude range between 350 km and 1,200 km in Low Earth Orbit. - Satellites are placed in low-earth orbits to reduce latency between a user seeking data and the server transmitting that data. --- ### **Deep Fakes** ![Deep Fakes](https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXcdGummwlHCGDKy2R_GVugqgilVHgL4W6um_38LByrxEvUyngb_D_uu9FrAaG5z9qpB0E5hxey5XV_fZEpWdaWy5L-ICKKhgUpLNQ2jOIAIrD81-T5J2x_4Tx_Q1hCUHxlVCcMytzJyx7wSxDNTSf0jKtXw?key=HOtjqagl-jV9SmjB2rVO6Q) ![Take action on deepfakes: MeitY sends advisory to social media firms | Deep Fakes](https://images.moneycontrol.com/static-mcnews/2023/11/MixCollage-07-Nov-2023-09-41-AM-709-770x433.jpg?impolicy=website&width=770&height=431) ![Deep Fakes](https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXfvvCRO8AJ_eZ7Q8A5rXpIK-o0uxA6isaST3kWB3UIDr0DBwDliuOZAPduwoBAK5xv6c5wEQ6Klnbem-acgsDvx7ZZW36RnzfMBYyO4CcTzS_rRhbMDZ8CbMq1VteNfL0TW9Rwcvz7p9uuG18_J1BI_MWkb?key=HOtjqagl-jV9SmjB2rVO6Q) - Deep Fakes involves the use of machine-learning algorithms to compile artificial images and audio together to replace a real person’s appearance, voice, or both and spread misinformation. - The term "deep fake" is short for a combination of the deep learning concept with something fake. - Use of **machine learning models** which use neural networks to manipulate images and videos are used to create deep fakes. - Deepfake technology is used for infamous purposes like scams and hoaxes, election manipulation, social engineering, celebrity pornography, automated disinformation attacks, identity theft, and financial fraud. --- ![](https://storage.ghost.io/c/92/07/9207d054-5e99-4b26-b8c8-424994497a07/content/images/2024/06/1.-UPSCprep-Banner-16.png) [Join Now](https://courses.upscprep.com/products?ref=upscprep.com) --- ### **The Digital Services Act** ![EU Passes Digital Services Act | UPSC](https://s44650.pcdn.co/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/eu-digital-services-act-1200-1695344997.jpg) ![Explained: EU's Digital Services Act (DSA) - UPSC](https://d18x2uyjeekruj.cloudfront.net/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/dsa.jpg) - This act has made companies including Meta, Google, and Snap introduce changes to their platforms. - The changes include more disclosures on how they use artificial intelligence for personalized content to users and allowing them the option to opt out of being subjected to digital surveillance. - The legislation ensures greater accountability and transparency from large online platforms like social media networks and online marketplaces. --- ### **Protein Structure Prediction: AlphaFold** ![AlphaFold 3 | Google Deepmind | UPSC Prelims | AI Technology ](https://pbs.twimg.com/media/GNNFH07WgAAsNe9?format=jpg&name=large) ![AlphaFold 3 | Google Deepmind | UPSC Prelims | AI Technology ](https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXdaaQ8pmiDPPq1C02c4vg-8Aw7v6nxohqGbinn48RXR80BkK8d6lK2lUnit49vwV7pxCf6K9dOFKI--CJi4hOeXboUgfKUQ5T-7YfPaKzx1fzIlIIVL2L6Tb0061llBd6ujYmpvKNyPRes0Q8-5rmu40mNf?key=HOtjqagl-jV9SmjB2rVO6Q) - A London based company DeepMind has predicted the three-dimensional structures of more than 200 million proteins using AlphaFold. - AlphaFold is an AI-based protein structure prediction tool based on deep neural networks. - The main prediction is done by the black box called the hidden networks which is between the input and the output layers. - When protein sequences enter through one end of the AlphaFold, the predicted three-dimensional structures come out through the other. --- ### **Gene editing: Casgevy & Lyf Genia** ![Gene editing: Casgevy & Lyf Genia | UPSC](https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXct9d8HcEN3KrE17Ghcf95ZB9GtQBdmqQMJS6roPBCd-0ASyFPpHhIYY_e3IdVRjFsTVpNtDGFBk8tfwXyaCrnRWRvQyjsUcpxMQvSBv6pEE0ZLVXTY5OGGJv8G9omTPQC0wRfTyeN7OgqNmi_F8ls_tle4?key=HOtjqagl-jV9SmjB2rVO6Q) ![Gene editing: Casgevy & Lyf Genia | UPSC](https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXf2glZS9klb_uNvdjkU320ElzChW_IVe-4ipwJpOTBmX-b6OSl_6F-gELjUi8Ex9ym8kg0CkE-aGU_02IZ6LPxG07W0M_p_xLGF_uKjNQNi_gefYfnmsWMOVtS1IcJZPIyrMVbTpxq0O-KMhhj9uUq23L4?key=HOtjqagl-jV9SmjB2rVO6Q) ![Gene editing: Casgevy & Lyf Genia | UPSC](https://storage.ghost.io/c/92/07/9207d054-5e99-4b26-b8c8-424994497a07/content/images/2024/06/image-35.png) - Casgevy is a **gene therapy** for treating **sickle cell disease** and **thalassaemia** which became the world's inaugural licensed therapy based on the CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing technology. - Sickle cell disease and thalassaemia are caused by errors in the gene for hemoglobin and the therapy uses the patient’s own blood stem cells, which are precisely edited using CRISPR-Cas9. - **BCL11A gene** is targeted by the therapy, which is crucial for switching from fetal to adult hemoglobin. - Fetal hemoglobin does not carry the same abnormalities as adult hemoglobin and the therapy produces more fetal hemoglobin to alleviate the symptoms of the two conditions. --- ### **Dark Patterns** ![Dark Patterns | UPSC](https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXenEw6tqrtqid93jggFC48y8eq_QJQASRcZjE257qhyTLhb60_B1lYlxZWBSphfEbbJClof1OYw-5sNiQH8pNudWGbl5iydooxiRp8Jyl1jXf75R37oPzLNtl6hXLMpgOCwu7zt8Fdba47RsMVR8qb_pGPt?key=HOtjqagl-jV9SmjB2rVO6Q) ![Dark Patterns | UPSC](https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:1200:900/g:fp:0.46:0.13/1*egNjxpcPatZa63bUUr3GFg.png) ![Dark Patterns | UPSC](https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXefTwhAbyXTYTrkdYNpsq-6iqyzPNDm0Q_L36qIrM7bYTu_m729e4Ls86yumNMmUYphibChTRVvO1yzpJnb3jO5GAIN4RkGjeTPu1qxpOdL-BszQ83O2T3R5OgpcjP-QVlU9Rs0JHRJhOjLUZYjJMaeztix?key=HOtjqagl-jV9SmjB2rVO6Q) - It is an act common in airlines and online travel websites which trick the customers into buying things they did not mean to like premium seats. - This is deemed to be a cybercrime and the Ministry of Civil Aviation has told the low-cost airline IndiGo to fix its website. - Dark patterns are deceptive design techniques used in user interfaces to manipulate or deceive users into taking certain actions or making specific choices online. - These patterns exploit cognitive biases and behavioral patterns to trick or mislead users. ## Sign up for UPSCprep.com Simplify your UPSC journey Subscribe Email sent! 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