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# UPSC Mains Daily Answer Writing - 11 October (GS 2)
- URL: https://www.upscprep.com/upsc-mains-daily-answer-writing-11-october-gs-2/
- Published: 2023-10-11T04:30:15.000Z
- Updated: 2023-10-11T04:30:14.000Z
- Author: UPSCprep.com
- Tags: UPSC Mains Daily Answer Writing

### **Questions**

1. **Discuss the role of Presiding Officers of state legislature in maintaining order and impartiality in conducting legislative work and in facilitating best democratic practices. (10)**
2. **The crucial aspect of the development process has been the inadequate attention paid to Human Resource Development in India. Suggest measures that can address this inadequacy. (10)**

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### Model Solutions

**1\. Discuss the role of Presiding Officers of state legislature in maintaining order and impartiality in conducting legislative work and in facilitating best democratic practices.(10)**  
**Model structure** 
**Introduction**  
**Constitutional articles:**

- Article 178: The Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the Legislative Assembly
- Article 182: The Chairman and Deputy Chairman of the Legislative Council  
Contextual
- Role of presiding officer in- Maharashtra party split and question of MLAs disqualification

**Main Body**  
**Role of Presiding Officers in maintaining order and impartiality**

- Maintains order and decorum in the assembly for conducting its business and regulating its proceedings
- Final interpreter of the provisions of  
  - Constitutions of india
  - Rules of procedure and conduct of business of assembly
  - Legislative precedent
- Can allow secret sitting
- Decided whether a bill is money bill or not
- Disqualification of members on the ground of defection under 10th schedule
- Casting vote in case of tie
- Appoints chairman of all the committees of the assembly and supervises their functions

**Role of Presiding Officers in facilitating best democratic practices**

- Adjourns/suspends the meeting in the absence of quorum
- Protection of privileges and rights of the members
- Fair distribution of time among various political parties
- Facilitate debates and discussions on matters of public importance
- Presiding officer is expected to be Non-Partisanship and provide equal opportunities

**Criticisms**

- Partisan role
- Delayed decisions making for disqualifications
- Misuse of money bill route to pass some bills

**Conclusion**

- With some judgements for eg; Keisham Meghachandra Singh vs. the Hon’ble Speaker Manipur Legislative Assembly & Ors. (2020)  
OR
- Suggestion- for eg: Britain- the presiding officer is strictly a non-party person.

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**2\. The crucial aspect of the development process has been the inadequate attention paid to Human Resource Development in India. Suggest measures that can address this inadequacy.(10)**

**Model structure** 
**Introduction**

- Explain HRD- For eg: Education, Skill development, Healthcare
- Context: Demographic Dividend
- Data:  
  - All India Survey on Higher Education (AISHE) report- Enrollment in higher education is 4.14 crore
  - Expenditure on Education- 2.9% of GDP, Health- 2.1% of GDP

**Main Body:**  
**Reasons for inadequate attention paid to Human Resource Development:**

- Limited investment
- Lack of Infrastructure & skilled workforce
- More focus on eradicating Hunger and Poverty
- Lack of political will as HRD gestation period is longer

**Measures**

- Increased investment in education and health
- National Education Policy 2020 to provide employable skills
- Teacher Training
- Skill development programmes for eg: PM Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY), Skill Acquisition and Knowledge Awareness for Livelihood Promotion (SANKALP)
- Affordable and Accessible health care for eg: PM JAY
- Gender equity and social inclusion
- Role of SHGs & Civil society for examples
- Promote Public Private Partnerships
- Collaborate with international organisations and adopt best practices
- Promote Research and Development
- Robust mechanism for progress monitoring for eg: ASER report by Pratham

**Conclusion**

- Data showing positive trends for eg: increased enrolment of Vulnerable section  
OR
- Need to focus on HRD as India will have 986 million people of working age in 2030.(Demographic dividend)

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