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# UPSC Mains Daily Answer Writing - 12 October (GS 2)
- URL: https://www.upscprep.com/upsc-mains-daily-answer-writing-12-october-gs-2/
- Published: 2023-10-12T04:30:12.000Z
- Updated: 2023-10-12T04:30:12.000Z
- Author: UPSCprep.com
- Tags: UPSC Mains Daily Answer Writing

### **Questions**

1. **Discuss the role of the Competition Commission of India in containing the abuse of dominant position by the Multinational Corporations in india. Refer to the recent decisions. (10)**
2. **E-governance, as a critical tool of governance, has ushered in effectiveness, transparency and accountability in governments. What inadequacies hamper the enhancement of these features? (10)**

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### Model Solutions

**1\. Discuss the role of the Competition Commission of India in containing the abuse of dominant position by the Multinational Corporations in india. Refer to the recent decisions. (10)**

**Core Demand:** Discuss how Competition Commission of India uses its mandate to prevent unhealthy practices by big companies. Substantiate the arguments by using recent decisions.

**Model Structure** 
**Introduction**

- Contextual- Competition Commission of India is a regulatory authority which ensures fair competition, prevents anti-competitive practices and promotes consumer welfare.  
OR
- Definition based- Competition Commission of India is a statutory and a quasi judicial body which enforces the Competition Act 2002.

**Main Body**  
The role of the Competition Commission of India in preventing the abuse of dominant position by the Multinational Corporations includes-

- Ensure fair and healthy competition for inclusive growth. For example, CCI fined Whatsapp in 2023 for its privacy policies and imposed a fine on Google in 2022 for abusing its dominance in the play store.
- Investigation and enforcement of allegations of abuse by MNCs. Penalty on tyre manufacturers like MRF ltd for cartelisation and contravening the provisions of the Act.
- Regulation and monitoring. For eg- the inquiries against Zomato, Swiggy, BookMyShow etc.
- Market assessment and analysis to identify sectors where dominant positions can be misused. In 2021, Amazon was fined for abusing its dominant position in India’s online retail market.
- International Cooperation
- Give opinion on issues related to competition.
- Undertake competition advocacy by creating public awareness.

But there are few issues which remain in dealing with the MNCs. some of them are-

- Legislation not updated with present time.
- Lack of expertise.
- Financial crunch.
- Digital market definitions are vague

**Conclusion**

- Competition Commission of India is a vital guardian of fair competition in the Indian market by its vigilant enforcement of antitrust laws to bring in a competitive business landscape.  
OR
- There is a need for a new up-to-date competition law for present day issues like data privacy, deep discounting, predatory acquisitions etc which are a result of artificial intelligence, AI etc.

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**2\. E-governance, as a critical tool of governance, has ushered in effectiveness, transparency and accountability in governments. What inadequacies hamper the enhancement of these features? (10)**

**Core Demand:** Briefly enumerate the importance of e-governance in bringing effectiveness, transparency and accountability in governments. Also discuss the issues in furthering them.

**Model Structure** 
**Introduction**

- Definition based- E-Governance involves application of information and communication technology to ensure better delivery of government services, transactions and information exchange.  
OR
- Contextual- E-governance or electronic governance is the application of information and communication technology in governance which has brought in effectiveness, transparency and accountability in governments.

**Main Body**  
Role of e-governance in ensuring effectiveness, transparency and accountability in governance is huge as it brings in:

- Efficiency and accessibility by streamlining administrative processes and reducing bureaucracy and paperwork.
- Transparency, by providing easy access to information, budgets, policies, and decisions.
- Accountability as the officials can be held responsible for their actions.
- Reduced corruption as the digital transactions and records are less prone to manipulation.
- Improved citizen engagement.
- Cost reduction in administrative processes.
- Better service delivery by reducing delays.

**But there are some challenges which affect the enhancement of these features like-**

- Digital divide which can exclude marginalized communities.
- Cybersecurity risks which can compromise the privacy and security of citizen information.
- Infrastructure constraints like inadequate IT infrastructure, including internet connectivity and power supply hinders accessibility in rural areas.
- Privacy concerns.
- Digital skills gap in the government employees.
- Interoperability, maintenance and upkeep.
- Lack of financial resources.
- Accessibility and inclusivity due to cultural and linguistic diversity.

**Conclusion**

- e-Governance has gained momentum in recent years but the above-mentioned issues need to be addressed by working on high-speed internet by using 5G technology, better cybersecurity and skill upgradation  
OR
- Recommendations of 2nd ARC on e-governance need to be considered which include business process re-engineering, protecting critical information infrastructure assets and better monitoring and evaluation.

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