Questions
- Clarify the correlation between Common Sense and Sociology. 10
- Explain how sociology emerged as a distinct discipline based on rationality and scientific temper. 20
Model Solutions
1. Clarify the correlation between Common Sense and Sociology. 10
Model Structure
Introduction
- Define Common sense and Sociology
Main Body
Compare and contrast the both
- Sociology- Not Common Sense (common sense vs sociology)
- Nature of findings: Cues from surface Vs Looking out for interconnectedness
- Nature of Observations: Assumptions, individualistic, culturally determined Vs Organized skepticism, tested thoughts.
- Orientation: Status-quoist, unreflective Vs Change oriented and reflective
- Positivist argues that common sense and sociology is different
- Sociology- Common Sense (Similarities between them -Moore & Reid)
- Concepts in sociology been framed by taking common sense knowledge into consideration
- Common sense helps in building sociological hypotheses.
- It also provides raw material for sociological investigation
- Non-positivists (phenomenology, ethnomethodology) consider common sense as a part of sociology.
Conclusion:
- At first, it was rejected by positivists like Durkheim; Some see it as complementary;
- Post-modernist see sociological knowledge as no superior to common sense.
- Thus, the relation between sociology and common sense is dynamic and even mutually reinforcing at times.
2. Explain how sociology emerged as a distinct discipline based on rationality and scientific temper. 20
Model Framework:
Introduction
- Define Sociology
- Emergence of Sociology- rooted in the Enlightenment and Scientific revolution
Main Body
- Intellectual Development in Europe -
- Greek philosophers Plato
- Renaissance - Changes in religion
- Enlightenment - Rousseau General will of people
- French and industrial Revolution -
- Old Traditions challenged by Modernity (Eg - Political structure, Feudalism, Old forces of production)
- Changes due to modernity
- Challenges in the society due to modernity -
- Urbanisation, Poverty, Deviance
- Contradictory ideas caused Antithesis -
- Pro-modernist (Comte, Durkheim) versus anti-modernist (Marx) debate causing intellectual unrest
- Already established social disciplines were not able to address the social problems
- New discipline was established to study societal phenomena scientifically.
Conclusion
- Concluding on lines of Question
- Can conclude giving a futuristic dimension - how Sociology progressed after emergence.
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